中文
Mafuta ndi magazi omwe amayendetsa chitukuko cha zachuma.M'zaka 10 zapitazi, 60% ya minda yamafuta ndi gasi yomwe yangopezedwa kumene ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja.Akuti 40% ya nkhokwe zamafuta ndi gasi zapadziko lonse lapansi zidzakhazikika m'malo akunyanja akuya mtsogolomu.Ndikukula kwapang'onopang'ono kwamafuta akunyanja ndi gasi kupita kunyanja yakuya ndi nyanja yakutali, mtengo ndi chiwopsezo choyika mapaipi obwerera mtunda wautali wamafuta ndi gasi ukukulirakulira.Njira yothandiza kwambiri yothetsera vutoli ndikumanga malo opangira mafuta ndi gasi m'nyanja-FPSO
1.Kodi FPSO ndi chiyani
(1) Malingaliro
FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zoyandama zakunyanja ndikutsitsa.unitchipangizo chophatikiza kupanga, kusunga mafuta ndi kutsitsa.
(2)Kapangidwe
FPSO ili ndi magawo awiri: mawonekedwe a pamwamba ndi chikopa
Chida cham'mwamba chimamaliza kukonza mafuta osapsa, pomwe chimbudzi chimakhala ndi udindo wosunga mafuta oyenerera.
(3) Gulu
Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira, FPSO ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:Multi Point MooringndiSimodziPmafutaMkulira(SPM）
2.Mawonekedwe a FPSO
(1) FPSO imalandira mafuta, gasi, madzi ndi zosakaniza zina kuchokera ku zitsime zamafuta za Submarine kudzera papaipi yamafuta a Submarine, ndiyeno kusakanizako kumasinthidwa kukhala mafuta oyenerera komanso gasi wachilengedwe.Zogulitsa zoyenerera zimasungidwa mu kanyumbako, ndipo zikafika pamlingo wina, zimatengedwa kupita kumtunda ndi tanker yodutsa.mayendedwe amafuta osakanizika.
(2) Ubwino wa pulani yachitukuko yophatikiza "FPSO + nsanja yopanga / subsea production system + shuttle tanker":
●Kutha kusunga mafuta, gasi, madzi, kupanga ndi kukonza ndi mafuta osapsa ndi amphamvu
●Wabwino maneuverability kwa kuyenda mofulumira
●Yogwiritsidwa ntchito kunyanja zonse zozama komanso zakuya, ndi mphepo yamphamvu komanso kukana kwa mafunde
●Kugwiritsa ntchito flexible, sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito molumikizana ndi nsanja zakunyanja, komanso kungagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi machitidwe opangira pansi pamadzi.
3.Chiwembu chokhazikika cha FPSO
Pakadali pano, njira zopangira FPSO zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri:Multi Point MooringndiSimodziPmafutaMkulira(SPM）
Themultipoint motsogoladongosolo limakonza FPSO ndizokopakudzera mu mfundo zingapo zokhazikika, zomwe zingalepheretse kusuntha kwapambuyo kwa FPSO.Njirayi ndi yoyenera kumadera a m'nyanja omwe ali ndi nyanja yabwino.
Thekukwera kwa mfundo imodzi(SPM）dongosolo ndi kukonza FPSO pa malo amodzi mooring pa nyanja.Pansi pa mphepo, mafunde ndi mafunde, FPSO idzazungulira 360 ° kuzungulira imodzi-kubweza point.SPM）, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri mphamvu yamagetsi pamoto.Pakali pano, single-kubweza point.SPM）njira imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Tsiku: 03 Marichi 2023